Archive for the ‘Cows’ Category

Slaughtering a Steer

Tuesday, June 10th, 2008

WARNING: THIS POST CONTAINS GRAPHIC IMAGES THAT MAY NOT BE SUITABLE FOR SOME READERS.

Slaughtering a steer is a big job that requires a lot of skill and equipment to be done properly. A block and tackle or hoist would be necessary to haul the carcass up for skinning and gutting. A meat ax is helpful for splitting the carcass in half. After the killing, skinning and gutting are complete, the meat needs to be transported to the butcher in a sanitary manner.

Becky and I knew that all of this was far too much for us to handle on our own. We decided to call in a home kill professional to do the job and transfer the meat to our butcher in town.


Herman Beefsteak on his last day

Lloyd Johnson has been providing home kill services in New Zealand for twenty years. He’s trying to retire from this work, but rural people continue to call on him. For a cost of $60, Lloyd will do the job neatly and efficiently.

Besides his years of experience, Lloyd brings with him a mobile slaughterhouse in the form of his specialized ute.

All the customer has to do is walk the cow to be slaughtered into the vicinity of that ute and Lloyd will do the rest.

I assumed that I’d do the same thing that I always did when I shifted the cows: Offer a treat bucket to Coco and then walk to where I wanted the rest of the cows to go. They all follow Coco. Except for that day, they didn’t. I don’t know if it was a coincidence, but they wouldn’t follow me down to the front of the paddock, where Lloyd was waiting with his rifle for Herman Beefsteak.

Long story short, eventually Lloyd and I managed to shift Herman into a desirable location for what was about to happen.

I wasn’t really sure how I would feel about slaughtering Herman Beefsteak. I felt… I suppose, matter-of-fact about the situation. From the day this animal was born, Becky and I both knew it would come to this. We gave the animal a care free, stress free life, and now it is going to feed and nourish us and our baby son, Owen. It’s not any more complicated than that for me.

Lloyd stepped close to the steer, aimed the rifle at its head—“Just above the point at which imaginary lines from alternate eyes and horns cross”—and pulled the trigger. The crack of the .22 calibre rifle was followed by great thump as the animal collapsed and rolled onto its right side.

“Get your buckets,” said Lloyd. Becky had instructed Lloyd that she would like to have blood to make black pudding. I retrieved our two stainless steel buckets. (Becky is writing a post dedicated to making the black pudding.)

Lloyd said, “The death throes can be strong. Watch those hooves.”

The animal convulsed powerfully a couple of times, and then settled down.

With one of my buckets in hand and ready, Lloyd cut a long opening, deep into the animal’s neck, severing the main veins and arteries.

Both the volume of blood and the pressure with which is emerged took me by surprise. In a short time, I had about two gallons of blood, far more than necessary for Becky’s black pudding, I was sure. Better to have too much than too little, I figured, and whatever was left over would go right onto the garden beds.

I immediately delivered the buckets of blood to Becky, who was standing by in the kitchen. You’ve got to move fast when making black pudding. She’ll tell you all about it.

Back outside, Lloyd was already at work.

I’m not going to try to describe exactly what he did. He’s such an expert at it, and so fast, that I’m at a bit of a loss to explain it, even though I watched him do it. Luckily, I took pictures.

At the time, I kept thinking, “How is this going to be a one man job?”

Lloyd makes use of clever implements. Probably, the most clever of all is the small hoist and winch system that he custom built onto the back of his ute. This machine deploys in a matter of seconds and allows him to raise the animal up for gutting. The back of the ute itself is all stainless steel, which facilitates the transport of the beef to the butcher in a sanitary manner.

He has metal chocks to position the beast on its back so that it doesn’t roll over as he’s skinning it on the ground.

He uses some kind of stainless steel rods with hooks on both ends to pull bits this way or that. (There’s probably a name for these, but I just don’t know what they’re called.) If he needs some tension applied to the flesh, he hooks one end of the rod in and then he hooks the other end onto a tendon or hoof or another bit of flesh that’s going to pull the way he wants. Look carefully at the pictures and you’ll see this much clearer than I can hope to explain it.

He has an obviously custom built, all metal ax. The blade looks like a heavy duty meat cleaver, but it has a full length ax handle. This is used to actually split the dressed carcass in half.

A high quality stainless steel saw was used once—and only very briefly—on the breast bone, I believe.

He sharpened his knife continuously with a sharpening steel that he wore around his waist.

He had a stainless steel brace that he wore over his shoulders and waist. This assists him with carrying the meat—in quarters—from the hoist to the back of the ute for transport.

He tows a trailer in which the animal’s head, hide and internal organs are carried away. He sells the hide. I don’t know what becomes of the head and the guts. We kept the heart, liver and kidneys.

The process was remarkably neat (considering the scale of the task) and seemed to happen very fast. How fast? You might not believe it, but the job was done in about thirty minutes.

Here’s the story, as told by the images. They run in order.

And away it all went to our butcher in town…

Handsome Tawny Visitors

Friday, March 21st, 2008

What were we to do? Time had passed, and suddenly we realised we were behind schedule in finding a bull to service our two lovely Jersey cows, Rosie and Coco.

Perhaps “The Ambler” could be prevailed upon to make a visit, as he did last year? Alas, when we called his owner we were told that the Ambler has been failing to perform of late. This was sad news indeed. What were we to do??

We decided to contact some neighbours down the road, who have a very fine herd of Red Devon cattle. Kevin and I had often admired these splendid beasts and rather fancied the idea of having a couple of half-Red-Devon calves on the Farmlet. There are several reasons why a Red Devon sire seemed like a good choice:

1. They are a “meat breed,” so the offspring should be very suitable for the freezer.
2. They have a reputation for being quiet.
3. They tend to throw fairly small calves — So should be ok for our little Jersey cows!
4. They are splendid-looking beasts with fine tawny coats. (I’m not sounding very much like a farmer here, am I!?)

Luck was on our side. Our neighbours had a Red Devon bull visiting their cows at the very time we called. Once he had finished his assignment with their cows, he would be able to come down the road to stay awhile with Rosie and Coco before returning to his owner.

At first, I had the not so brilliant idea of taking Rosie and Coco down the road to meet the bull. Kevin soon pointed out that we would run the risk of losing them somewhere on the way, since they are rather flighty when it comes to being moved, and we don’t have a cattle dog to help us. Getting the bull to our place could be managed by moving him alongside his entourage of very quiet Red Devon cows (our neighbour’s darlings!). At the end of his stay, we would just have to get him back along the road to our neighbour’s stock yards. Just get him back along the road? Just?? We solved this dilemma by offering grazing for a couple of the Red Devon cows for the duration of the bull’s sojourn. The bull would be much easier to move in their company. Our neighbours were really pleased with this arrangement, since they were short of grass, and we were only too happy to be able to help them in return for sharing the bull.

Never before were so many creatures seen grazing in the Farmlet paddocks! Our two cows, their two calves, the Red Devon bull, and two Red Devon cows. Seven cattle! And we only have about 3.5 acres of grazing — or 5.5 counting the extra paddocks belonging to our next-door neighbour. Luckily for us, it had been a warm wet summer and the grass in our pastures was doing incredibly well. As it turned out, our pastures were well equal to accommodating the extra animals. In fact, the grass will probably do better for having been eaten down properly.


Red Devon cow

We think we know when each of our two cows stood for the bull, and we dearly hope they are in calf. We had planned to keep the bull for two cycles to be sure that the job was done. Our plans changed after some drama with one of the fences on our neighbour’s place. Actually, it was the two Red Devon cows who knocked the fence down. They are much bigger, meatier creatures than our little Jerseys, and are much harder on the fences. The bull was pacing the fence line, eyeing up some heifers over the way, and poor Kevin was losing sleep over the possibility that he would escape and run amok. Suddenly it seemed prudent to dispatch the Red Devons while the rest of our fences were still standing. As far as our cows being in calf, we are just hoping for the best!

Coco’s behaviour seems to indicate that she is probably in calf. (This is very important to us, since she is our house cow. We need her to calve in order to secure next season’s supply of delicious creamy milk.) Her milk supply suddenly began to decrease after she stood for the bull, and Kevin has remarked than she seems much quieter and calmer since then, also. Actually, at the last milking, the decrease in milk supply was so striking that we became suspicious. Could she really be drying off so fast? She looks in fine condition. One explanation is that her milk supply is NOT actually decreasing that fast. Possibly her milk is being poached. . . and the chief suspect is none other than that cheeky, fat rascal Herman Beefsteak. We will have to see what develops at the next milking!

Goals for the Year of the Rat

Friday, March 14th, 2008

1. Do “baby yoga” with Owen and have lots of fun. Any goal that relates to our precious baby would have to top the list, of course! I have a couple of neat books, Itsy Bitsy Yoga and Yoga Mom, Buddha Baby, which are helping us get started.

2. Build a chook house and chook run. We have had this on our “to do” list ever since we arrived on the Farmlet. Can’t believe we still haven’t done it. Disgraceful! Still, the extra time has allowed us to understand more about our land and our needs. Our chook run plans have changed and developed a lot over the past two years. It is now high time to put plans into action!

3. Install a solar water heater. Kevin has been doing the research, and has finally found what he thinks may be the right system for us. This will be a big step towards reducing our energy bills.

4. We plan that calves and goat kids will be born on the Farmlet this coming spring. This means we have to hook our cows and goats up with bull/buck, of course. I’ll be writing more on this matter very soon! Calves and kids mean fresh cow and goat milk. Yum! This year we hope to milk Daphne and Lulu (the goats) for the first time.

5. Carrying on from #4: Extend the small goat house and build a milking stand for the goats. The small goat house is all very well for two does, but certainly wouldn’t fit their kids as well. Something needs to be done about this.

6. Undertake some cool cheese projects using fresh cow and goat milk.

7. Make delicious meals using meat raised on the Farmlet. Yes, we have exciting plans for Herman Beefsteak when he reaches “the beefsteak phase of his career”! I’m looking forward to sharing some recipes. It’s especially nice to think that the first meat Owen will ever eat will have been raised kindly and cleanly here on the Farmlet.


Herman Beefsteak

8. Experiment with grinding and cooking cornmeal, including some from our own corn.

9. Save seeds from more of our vegetables, herbs, and flowers. As our garden matures and we discover which varieties of vegetables do best for us, we are committed to saving more and more of our own seed.

10. Continue to battle kikuyu and work on “taming” the house paddock. We hope to work on weed barriers this year, with the aim of reducing the ongoing effort.

11. Attempt to make some more crusty fermented beverages. In particular, we’d like to try making wine from our own grapes. We’d better hurry up with this project, since it’s already grape season!

12. Raise some seedlings of “bushman’s toilet paper” to plant out in the garden. This project was on our list last year, and I can’t believe we forgot all about it. I’m really keen to do this!

13. Last but not least: I want to write at least one update per week for the Farmlet website!

Best wishes to all for the Year of the Rat! It looks sure to be a busy and exciting one on the Farmlet.

The Year of the Pig in Review

Monday, March 3rd, 2008

Best wishes to all for the Year of the Rat!

One year ago, at the beginning of the Year of the Pig, I set out a list of 13 goals for the Farmlet. With the year now over, it is time to review our goals and achievements, and to set new goals for the coming year.

Here’s the report on last year’s goals:

1. Have some earthworks done in the middle cow paddock, in order to create an irrigation dam and level a site for a barn. The cows will be fenced out of the dam area. (The area in question is already swampy and damp — not especially good grazing, but an excellent dam site. The elevation of the site will allow us to gravity-feed water to gardens and stock. We plan eventually to plant the area around the dam with trees, creating a special dam-microclimate.)

Yes, we had the earthworks done. Sites have been leveled for a shed and a large water tank. The dam filled up beautifully and has stayed full of water right through the summer. We have surrounded the dam area with electric tape and planted mustard and lupins in the turned soil to prevent erosion. Still to do: Establish the gravity feed water system and plant trees around the dam area.

2. Build a barn/shed in the cow paddock for milking, storage, and keeping calves. We need to have this in place by July, when the cows are due to calve. (In due course, we plan to collect rain water off the roof of the barn. We will install a water tank next to the barn, from which water can be gravity-fed down to to house.)

The barn/shed project was shelved. We have been grazing our animals down on our neighbour’s pasture, in the middle of which is an old milking shed. Having the use of this shed took the urgency out of our need to build our own. We still plan to build the shed eventually, but other projects now seem more pressing.

3. Fix the fences around the goat paddocks. We need to reinforce the fences and put in more electric wires, so that the goats can be kept in the paddocks without their A-frame collars on.

Kevin fixed the goat paddock fences, with the result that they are much more goat proof. What a relief!

4. Extend the goat houses to give the goats more space, and better access to dry feed during the winter.

We have not done this yet. Now, with the goats expected to kid this coming spring, this project needs to move to the top of the priority list!

5. Build a chook house, and get some chickens. We plan to start with a small movable chook house in the house paddock. This way, the chooks can help us to clear kikuyu and create new garden areas. (Eventually, we would like to have a larger number of chickens ranging on the pasture up the hill.)

Alas, we still have no chooks! Over the past few months, Kevin and I have started to change and refine our chook house/ chook run plans. We are determined to tackle this project soon.

6. Plant fruit trees. Build supports for passion fruit and kiwifruit vines.

We have planted some more fruit around the place — a guava, a naranjilla, a boysenberry, a couple of tropical apricots and a grapefruit. I have also propagated seedlings for more passionfruit (both purple and yellow varieties), cherimoya, plum and guava, and we have been given a small fig, a raspberry, a thornless blackberry, a blackcurrant and a macadamia nut. We have to find places to plant all these! The passionfruit have supports to climb on, and we have just been enjoying the first fruit. The kiwifruit still need a pergola to climb on. They are looking a bit wretched after getting a rather fierce pruning from Daphne — naughty goat.

7. Continue to expand and develop gardens in the house paddock – including barrier plantings to keep out kikuyu.

We expanded the gardens by a considerable margin this spring, clearing the area that we are now using to grow corn and beans. We also worked on improving the soil structure in the existing beds. I didn’t do much work on barrier plantings in the end.

8. Experiment with making kefir, quark, and various cheeses. (This will be happening after our cows have calved and we have a good supply of fresh milk. We also hope to continue making yoghurt and butter.)

We have enjoyed making kefir, kefir cheese, Caspian Sea yoghurt, and butter using milk and cream from our own cow, Coco. I have to admit, though, that since Owen came along, I’ve really only kept going with the yoghurt (we get through several litres of this every week), having killed off our poor kefir grains soon after he was born. I’ll have to get some more! We’ve also been buying butter, which saves time, even if it’s not as nice as making our own. I’ve had several attempts at quark, and all have turned into yoghurt. The yoghurt culture has obviously taken up firm residence in this house and seems set on colonising any milk that I leave out at room temperature! Not good news for my quark mission.

9. Experiment with making assorted fermented beverages — perhaps using herbs from the garden.

I have had a lot of fun with fermentation over the past year, including growing a ginger beer bug and making ginger beer using our own lemons. I’ve also made water kefir using lemons and herbs from the garden. Sadly, the water kefir grains got very sulky quite some time ago, and nothing I could do would revive them. I am now looking to purchase some more. We continue to brew kombucha.

10. Grinding flour and making sourdough bread has become part of our routine by now. I’d like to get into the habit of using the sourdough in some other creative and delicious ways.

Yes, during the past year I found some delicious sourdough recipes in “Full Moon Feast” — sourdough pancakes, crackers and scones. I have also used sourdough to make fishcakes and pizza crust. By now, these recipes have become old favourites.

11. Start growing some “bushman’s toilet paper.” We plan to start seedlings and plant them out in the garden when they are big enough.

Ah. . . ! I’d forgotten all about this one. But it sounds like a neat idea. We should do this!

12. Install a solar hot water heater to cut our power bill and increase our energy self-sufficiency.

Kevin has been researching our options in this area, and has finally found one that looks right for us. With any luck, we’ll soon be embarking on this project.

13. Keep a more systematic record of income and expenditure. In particular, I think it will be satisfying to have records that clearly document the changes in our grocery bills as we produce more and more of our own food.

I kept these records very diligently through until October last year. Since our little one was born, my attentions have been focussed elsewhere, to the detriment of my record keeping! I hope the records will remain a useful basis for comparison as the Farmlet changes and develops.

So. . . does that mean we’ve achieved 8 out of our 13 goals? I suppose that’s not too bad.

The Year of the Pig has been a special one for us. Our goats grew to maturity, the first Farmlet calves were born, Kevin learned to milk a cow and shot his first wild pig. I got my firearms license. We had a rough time when Coco’s calf was born dead and we had to mother a new calf onto her. . . and it was hard to say goodbye to our fabulous cow, Esmerelda, even though she was going off to an excellent home. Of course, by far the most significant event of the year for us was the birth of our precious baby: Owen Thom Flaherty, born on the 16th of November 2007, Year of the Red Fire Pig. Our very own dear little piglet.


Owen

Now I’ve started compiling a new list of goals for the Year of the Rat. I hope to post this list in the next few days, so please stay tuned.

Our Beautiful Raw Milk Baby!

Saturday, January 19th, 2008

Last week we received the fine gift of four glass milk bottles from a kind friend. Up until now, we have kept our fresh milk in the fridge in glass preserving jars, transferring it to the milk jug for use. Kevin and I see raw milk as a magical and beautiful substance, so it seems entirely fitting that we should keep it in special bottles. When the bottles were filled up for the first time with fresh creamy milk, we gazed at them with reverence and satisfaction.


Glass milk bottles

Since we keep our cows and calves together, we do not have to milk every day. Kevin just separates Coco and her calf (Henrietta Hamburger) the night before we need some more milk. This is a great setup, though it’s becoming trickier all the time as the calf gets bigger, stronger and more cunning! We are grazing Coco and her calf on the neighbour’s place, so Kevin milks her in the little shed down there. (We feel very lucky to be able to graze our animals on the neighbour’s pasture in exchange for giving them a share of the meat from the calves when the time comes.) Kevin usually gets around five or six litres of milk at each milking, which is enough to last us for a few days.

The pasture is very rich and abundant this summer with all the rain we have been having, and Coco’s milk seems to be nearly half cream at the moment. We love it! Since I’m breast feeding Owen, I especially appreciate being able to drink lots of creamy raw milk. Kevin and I feel sure that the raw milk in my diet must be at least partly responsible for Owen’s fantastic rate of growth since birth. We were very proud parents when the doctor remarked on his impressive size and good muscle tone. At two months, he now weighs 7.13kg (15 lb, 12oz) and is 62cm long — up from 6.6kg (about 14lb, 8oz) and 59cm two weeks ago. He’s a big, bonny, healthy baby, and we are enjoying his smiles and lovely baby noises!


Happy Owen

We feel very lucky to have an abundant supply of raw Jersey milk. It’s too bad that laws and regulations in New Zealand make it so very difficult to buy and sell raw milk. Absurd, in a land so well-endowed with pasture and dairy cows, that people are forced to pay high prices at the supermarket for pasteurised (and usually homogenised) milk in plastic containers. Recently, the dairy industry here has been showing renewed interest in raw milk, mostly due to the high returns to be made on gourmet raw milk cheeses. We are hopeful that this could lead to changes in regulations and wider availability of raw milk products.

My favourite way to enjoy the milk is when it’s still warm from the cow, before the cream has even had a chance to separate from the milk. On these warm summer days, we are also enjoying smoothies made with home-cultured Caspian Sea Yoghurt (This is a kind of yoghurt for which the milk is not heated. It is cultured at room temperature.) and local honey.